1849—Bologna, Italy

A watercolor depicts a trombonist from the Bologna Civic Guard Band (see below image; public domain) (Istituto per la storia del Risorgimento italiano, Rome).

mid-1800s—Huge production of instructional material, including etudes by Edmond Vobaron, Antoine Dieppo, O. Blume, Friedrich Belcke, C. Kopprasch, and J. Friedheim, some of which are still in use today.